Two different documents
- Copy of the license — notarized by copy certification or custodian affidavit, apostilled by the state of notarization. Used for identity and residency files, car purchases and rentals requiring authenticated ID.
- Certified driving record (motor vehicle record, abstract, license status letter) — issued by the state DMV / DHSMV / BMV with an official signature or certification. Used for license exchange and insurance history abroad. Apostilled by the state of the DMV, provided the signature is on file; some DMVs provide a notarized version on request.
License exchange abroad
Countries with reciprocity for some U.S. states (Spain for certain states, Italy, Germany for many states, France, Japan, South Korea, Canada provinces) typically require a translation and either an apostilled driving record or a certified “letter of entitlement” from the DMV. Rules are state-by-state and change; the destination’s licensing authority publishes the list.
Which state
A DMV record is apostilled by the state that issued it. A notarized copy is apostilled by the state where the notary is commissioned.
Translation
Sworn translation after the apostille; some countries accept an international driving permit alongside the original license instead of any translation for short stays.
Common reasons for rejection
- Attempting to apostille the physical license
- Copy certified in a state that prohibits copy certification of identity documents
- Online driving record without certification
- Record older than the exchange authority's window
Frequently asked questions
Can the DMV apostille my license?
No. The DMV issues certified records; the Secretary of State issues the apostille.
Do I need an apostille to drive abroad temporarily?
No. An international driving permit plus your license covers short stays. Apostilles matter for license exchange after residency.
Is a notarized copy enough for license exchange in Spain?
Spain typically requires a certificate from the DMV confirming the license’s validity and class, apostilled and translated — not just a copy.
